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2021 Population Census Statistics

 

Introduction

It is an established practice from 1961 for Hong Kong to conduct a population census once every 10 years and a by-census in the middle of the intercensal period. The 2021 Population Census was conducted in the 43-day period from 23 June to 4 August 2021.

In the 2021 Population Census, about nine-tenths of the households were subject to simple enumeration to provide basic demographic information of their household members, while the remaining one-tenth of the households were subject to more detailed enquiry on a broad range of demographic and socio-economic characteristics of their household members.

For details of the 2021 Population Census, please visit the website of the 2021 Population Census (www.census2021.gov.hk).

The population census/by-census statistics are presented on this website in three demarcation systems - “Large Subunit Group”/“Large Street Block Group”, “Housing Market Area” and “Building Group”.

Large Subunit Group”/“Large Street Block Group”: For town planning purpose, the Planning Department divides the whole territory of Hong Kong into various Tertiary Planning Units and subdivides the Tertiary Planning Units into Subunits in the 2021 Population Census and into Street Blocks in the past population censuses/by-censuses.  Adjacent Subunits/Street Blocks with a small population are grouped into Large Subunit Groups/Large Street Block Groups for data dissemination.

Housing Market Area”: Housing Market Areas are developed by Centamap Company Limited (Centamap) and formed based on Building Groups, mainly making reference to the spatial pattern of real estate demand and property market transactions of Hong Kong.  In 2021, there were 173 Housing Market Areas in Hong Kong.  Please see Building Group.

Building Group”: Building Group is a demarcation system developed jointly by the Census and Statistics Department and Centamap Company Limited for the dissemination of population census/by-census statistics.  Having regard to data precision and protection of data privacy of individual respondents, each Building Group contains at least 1 000 residents and includes residential buildings only.  Buildings are grouped to have approximately similar populations and be socially homogenous according to their geographical location, building type, building age and number of residential storeys.  In 2021, there were 3 286 Building Groups in Hong Kong.

 


Terms and Definitions

(1)

Age :  Age is the number of complete years a person has passed since birth. It is derived from month and year of birth.

(2)

Area of Residence 5 Years Ago :  The broad geographical area in which a person lived 5 years before the Census. If the place is outside Hong Kong, the country of residence is recorded.

(3)

Average Domestic Household Size : The average number of persons per domestic household. It is calculated by dividing the total number of persons who were living in domestic households by the total number of domestic households.

(4)

Average Number of Rooms per Domestic Household :  The average number of living/dining rooms, bedrooms and other rooms, excluding kitchens and bathrooms/toilets, used by each domestic household. It is calculated by dividing the total number of living/dining rooms, bedrooms and other rooms exclusively used by domestic households by the total number of domestic households.

(5)

Average Number of Rooms per Person : The average number of living/dining rooms, bedrooms and other rooms, excluding kitchens and bathrooms/toilets, used by each person. It is calculated by dividing the total number of living/dining rooms, bedrooms and other rooms exclusively used by domestic households by the total number of persons in all domestic households.

(6)

District Council District :  There are 18 districts in Hong Kong as declared under the District Councils Ordinance (Cap. 547): 4 on Hong Kong Island, 5 in Kowloon and 9 in the New Territories. A District Council is established in each district. The boundary of Constituency Area for each District Council is recommended by the Electoral Affairs Commission to the Chief Executive. The set of Constituency Area boundaries adopted in the 2021 Population Census is based on those declared in the Declaration of Constituencies (District Councils) Order 2018 (L.N. 263 of 2018) made by the Chief Executive in Council under section 6 of the District Councils Ordinance (Cap. 547) for the District Council Election held on 24 November 2019.

(Note: The boundaries of the Wan Chai district and Eastern district adopted in the 2016 Population By-census and 2021 Population Census are not comparable with those adopted in the 2011 Population Census. Therefore, figures of the Wan Chai and Eastern districts for 2016 and 2021 are not strictly comparable with those for 2011.

(7)

Domestic Household :  A domestic household consists of a group of persons who live together and make common provision for essentials for living. These persons need not be related. If a person makes provision for essentials for living without sharing with other persons, he/ she is also regarded as a household. In this case the household is a one-person household. (Note: A domestic household must have at least one member who is a Usual Resident. Households comprising Mobile Residents only are not classified as domestic households.)

(8)

Domestic Household with Older Person(s) only : It refers to the domestic household in which all household members other than foreign domestic helper(s) are aged 65 and over. Please see Domestic Household in (7).

(9)

Economic Activity Status :  The population can be divided into two main groups, economically active population (i.e. the labour force) and economically inactive population as follows:

Economically active population: This comprises the employed (i.e. the working population) and the unemployed.

The working population refers to persons aged 15 and over who should (a) be engaged in performing work for pay or profit during the 7 days before the Census; or (b) have formal job attachment during the 7 days before the Census. The working population can be distinguished by the employment status as follows:

Employee: A person who works for an employer (private companies or government) for wage, salary, commission, tips or payment in kind. Domestic helpers, outworkers and paid family workers are also included here.

Employer: A person who works for profit or fees in his/her own business/profession and employs one or more persons to work for him/her.

Self-employed: A person who works for profit or fees in his/her own business/profession, neither employed by someone nor employing others.

Unpaid family worker: A person who works for no pay in a family business is also considered as employed. Food and lodging and pocket money are not counted as pay.

Unemployed population: Refer basically to persons aged 15 and over who should (a) have not had a job and should not have performed any work for pay or profit during the 7 days before the Census ; (b) have been available for work during the 7 days before the Census ; and (c) have sought work during the 30 days before the Census.

(Note: Estimates of the unemployed based on population censuses/ by-censuses are likely to have a lower degree of accuracy. This is because the measurement of unemployment is not simple. For instance, in identifying an unemployed person, account has to be taken of a person’s availability for work and whether he or she is actively seeking work. A large quantity of temporary field workers were employed to undertake the enumeration work in the population censuses/ by-censuses, and they could not be expected to have a full understanding of the labour force framework and the required skills in asking screening questions, particularly those on the activity related to work seeking. Studies on unemployment should therefore be primarily based on the data of the General Household Survey conducted by the Census and Statistics Department. Inclusion of the questions for identifying unemployed persons in the population censuses/ by-censuses mainly serves to complete the enumeration of the entire economically active population (i.e. the labour force). This is because the economically active population is composed of the working population and the unemployed population.)

Economically inactive population: This comprises persons who have not had a job and have not been at work during the 7 days before the Census, excluding persons who have been on leave/ holiday during the 7-day period and persons who are unemployed. Persons such as home-makers, retired persons and all those aged below 15 are thus included.

Home-maker: A person who looks after the home without pay.

Unpaid carer: A person who is engaged in unpaid care to family members or other persons (including persons with chronic diseases /disability and old/young persons).

Student: A person who is studying full-time in educational institution (as for the 2021 Population Census, students refers to those who had been studying in the first half of 2021 and would continue to study full-time in the academic year after the Census [i.e. June 2021] ). Persons who are self-studying, or studying informal courses in miscellaneous training institutes or studying evening courses and were not working during the 7 days before the Census are also included in this category. Student workers are classified as economically active persons and are not included in this group.

Retired person: A person who has worked previously but is not currently working because of old age.

Of independent means: A person who does not have to work for a living. The cost of living is generally borne by rental receivable, savings, investment returns or remittances.

Other economically inactive person: Economically inactive person not elsewhere classified, e.g. unpaid religious worker and person who cannot work or do not seek work because of permanent sickness or disablement.

 

(10)

Educational Attainment (Highest Level Attended) :  This comprises the highest level attended and the highest level completed.

 

(a) Highest level attended: Highest level attended is the highest level of education ever attained by a person in an educational institution, regardless of whether he/ she had completed the course. Only formal courses are counted as educational attainment. A formal course shall be one that lasts for at least 1 academic year, requires specific academic qualifications for entrance (except subdegree/ degree/ postgraduate courses offered by the Metropolitan University of Hong Kong) and includes examinations or specific academic assessment procedures.

(b) Highest level completed: Highest level completed is the highest level of education completed by a person in an educational institution, regardless of whether he/ she had passed the examinations or assessments of the course. Only formal courses are counted for the highest level of education completed. A formal course shall be one that lasts for at least 1 academic year, requires specific academic qualifications for entrance (except subdegree/ degree/ postgraduate courses offered by the Metropolitan University of Hong Kong) and includes examinations or specific academic assessment procedures.

Educational attainment is classified as follows:

No schooling: Including those who had never attended a formal course.

Pre-primary: Including all classes in kindergartens and child care centres.

Primary: Including Primary 1 – 6 in all educational institutions.

Lower secondary: Including Secondary 1 – 3 in all educational institutions.

Upper secondary: Including Secondary 4 – 7 of old academic structure, Secondary 4 – 6 of new academic structure or equivalent in all educational institutions, Project Yi Jin/ Yi Jin Diploma and craft level.

Post-secondary (diploma/ certificate): Including diploma/ certificate courses in Vocational Training Council/ Clothing Industry Training Authority/ Construction Industry Council/ Metropolitan University/ School of Professional and Continuing Education of University/ former Polytechnics/ other statutory or approved post-secondary colleges/ other colleges providing post-secondary courses/ former Teacher Colleges/ commercial schools, nurse training courses/ dental training courses/ distance learning courses/ other courses at diploma/ certificate level.

Post-secondary (sub-degree course): Including all higher certificate/ higher diploma/ professional diploma/ associate degree/ preassociate degree/ endorsement certificate/ associateship or equivalent courses in universities/ Vocational Training Council, other sub-degree courses in universities funded by University Grants Committee, higher certificate/ higher diploma/ professional diploma/ associate degree/ pre-associate degree or equivalent courses in former Polytechnics/ other statutory or approved postsecondary colleges, higher diploma/ professional diploma/ associate degree/ preassociate degree or equivalent courses in other colleges providing post-secondary courses, sub-degree courses in the Education University of Hong Kong (former Hong Kong Institute of Education), sub-degree level nurse training courses/ dental training courses, distance learning sub-degree level courses and other sub-degree level courses.

Post-secondary (degree course): Including all first degree, taught postgraduate and research postgraduate courses in local or non-local institutions.

 

(11)

Floor Area of Accommodation : Except for public rental housing, the floor area of accommodation refers to saleable floor area. It includes the floor area of every one of (i) a balcony, (ii) a utility platform, (iii) a verandah to the extent that it forms part of the residence; but excluding the area of an air-conditioning plant room, a bay window, a flat roof, a garden, a parking space, a roof, a stairhood, a terrace, a yard to the extent that it forms part of the residence. For public rental housing, the floor area of accommodation is measured in terms of internal floor area. For domestic households sharing a unit of quarters, the floor area of the common area shared among households is excluded. Statistics related to floor area of accommodation presented do not include domestic households living in unsheltered accommodation or on board vessels. (Note: Owing to the difference in definitions, statistics of floor area of public rental housing are not directly comparable to those of other types of accommodation. Besides, the information of floor area of accommodation as reported by respondents may be subject to different extent of estimation, and hence caution should be exercised in interpreting the statistics concerned.)

(12)

Head of Domestic Household : The person acknowledged as such by other members of the household to be responsible for making major decisions affecting the household. This person can be any male or female member of the household. Household might report more than one household head.

(13)

Household Composition :  Household composition is derived from the information on relationship to the head of household of each person and the identification of spouse and parentchild relationships among members of the household. The different categories of household composition are as follows:

Nuclear family households

Composed of couple: A household comprising a married couple without any other related persons. It may or may not include other unrelated persons (e.g. domestic helpers).

Composed of couple and unmarried children: A household comprising a couple and their unmarried child(ren) without any other related persons. It may or may not include other unrelated persons (e.g. domestic helpers).

Composed of lone parent and unmarried children: A household comprising a father or mother and his/ her unmarried child(ren) without any other related persons. It may or may not include other unrelated persons (e.g. domestic helpers).

Relative households

Composed of couple and at least one of their parents: A household comprising a couple and at least one of their parents (including the parent(s) of the wife and/ or husband) without any other related persons. It may or may not include other unrelated persons (e.g. domestic helpers).

Composed of couple, at least one of their parents and their unmarried children: A household comprising a couple, at least one of their parents (including the parent(s) of the wife and/ or husband) and their unmarried children without any other related persons. It may or may not include other unrelated persons (e.g. domestic helpers).

Composed of other relationship combinations: A household comprising a group of related persons but not being classified in the above categories. It may or may not include other unrelated persons (e.g. domestic helpers).

Other households

One-person households: A household with only one person.

Non-relative households: A household comprising unrelated person(s).

 

(14)

Household Size : Household size refers to the number of persons living in the domestic household.

(15)

Industry :  The major activity of the establishment in which a person worked during the 7 days before the Census. The classification adopted for statistics on industry in this report is modeled on the Hong Kong Standard Industrial Classification Version 2.0. It is the same as that adopted in the 2021 Population Census. The brief descriptions and coverage of the industrial sectors of this industry classification are given as follows:

Manufacturing: This industry sector includes the physical or chemical transformation of materials, substances, or components into new products. Substantial alteration, renovation and reconstruction of goods are generally considered to be manufacturing. Also included in the industry sector is specialised repair and maintenance of industrial and commercial machinery and equipment. Examples of this industry sector are food product manufacturing; wearing apparel industry; printing industry; manufacturing of electronic products; and repair and installation of machinery and equipment.

Construction: This industry sector includes general construction and specialised construction activities for buildings and civil engineering works. It includes new work, repair, additions and alterations, the erection of prefabricated building structure on the site and also construction of a temporary nature. Examples of this industry sector are building construction; civil engineering; building services installation and maintenance activities; and decoration, repair and maintenance for buildings.

Import/export, wholesale and retail trades: This industry sector includes wholesale and retail sale (i.e. sale without transformation) of any type of goods, and rendering services incidental to the sale of merchandise. Wholesaling and retailing are the final steps in the distribution of merchandise. Examples of this industry sector are import and export trade; wholesale and retail trade; and peddlers.

Transportation, storage, postal and courier services: This industry sector includes the provision of passenger or freight transport, whether scheduled or not, by rail, road, water or air and associated activities such as airport, terminal and car park, loading and unloading of freight, storage, and postal and courier activities etc. Also included are sightseeing transport and renting of transport equipment with or without driver or operator. Examples of this industry sector are land transport; water transport; air transport; warehousing and support activities for transportation; and postal and courier activities.

Accommodation and food services: This industry sector includes the provision of short-stay accommodation for visitors and other travellers and the provision of complete meals and drinks fit for immediate consumption. Examples of this industry sector are hotels; guesthouses and boarding houses; restaurants; bars and lounges; and coffee shops.

Information and communications: This industry sector includes the production and distribution of information and cultural products, the provision of the means to transmit or distribute these products as well as data. Also included are broadcasting, communications and information technology activities, as well as the processing of data and other information service activities. Examples of this industry sector are publishing industry; radio and television broadcasting; telecommunications; information technology services; and news agencies.

Financing and insurance: This industry sector includes financial service activities, including insurance and pension funding activities, and activities to support financial services. Also included are the activities of holding assets, such as activities of holding companies and the activities of trusts, funds and similar financial entities. Examples of this industry sector are banks; investment and holding companies; insurance; security brokerage; and fund management.

Real estate, professional and business services: This industry sector includes (a) all real estate activities, (b) all activities requiring a high degree of professional training, and serve users with specialised knowledge and skills; and (c) establishments mainly engaged in performing various support activities for the day-to-day operations of other enterprises (some also supporting households). Examples of this industry sector are real estate development; real estate brokerage and agencies; real estate maintenance management; offices of lawyers, accountants, auditors, architects, surveyors; advertising and market research companies; specialised design activities; travel agencies, security and investigation activities; cleaning activities; office administrative and support activities.

Public administration, education, human health and social work activities: This industry sector includes government administration, establishments engaged in formulating and implementing the economic and social policy, and units maintaining public order and safety. This industry sector also includes establishments mainly engaged in the provision and support of education and training and establishments mainly engaged in providing human health care and social assistance. Examples of this industry sector are government services; educational institutions and other establishments engaged in educational and training services; medical and health services; elderly homes; and welfare institutions.

Miscellaneous social and personal services: This industry sector includes creative and performing arts activities; cultural activities; betting activities; sports, amusement and recreation activities; and all other services activities including personal services activities. This industry sector also includes activities of households as employers of domestic personnel. Examples of this industry sector are libraries and museums; theme parks; fitness centres; religious organisations; political organisations; repair of personal and household goods (such as motor vehicles and computers); laundry and dry-cleaning services; beauty and body prettifying treatment; and domestic helpers.

Others: Including such industries as “Agriculture, forestry and fishing”; “Mining and quarrying”; “Electricity and gas supply”; “Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities” and industrial activities unidentifiable or inadequately described.

 

(16)

Main Mode of Transport to Place of Study : Mode of transport to place of study refers to the type(s) of transport a full-time student studying in Hong Kong usually used to travel to his/her place of study. For a person who used more than one type of transport to go to his/her place of study, the main mode of transport refers to the one used for travelling the longest distance. “On foot only” was recorded if the person usually walked to his/her place of study and did not use any other mode of transport.

(17)

Main Mode of Transport to Place of Work : Mode of transport to place of work refers to the type(s) of transport a person with a fixed place of work in Hong Kong usually used to travel to his/her place of work. (For a person who used more than one type of transport to go to work, the main mode of transport refers to the one used for travelling the longest distance.) “On foot only” was recorded if the person usually walked to work and did not use any other mode of transport.

(18)

Economically active population : This comprises the employed (i.e. the working population) and the unemployed. Please see Economic activity status in (17).

(19)

Median Age : The average age so calculated that 50% of the total number of persons were above that age and the other 50% were below it.

(20)

Median Floor Area of Accommodation: The average floor area of accommodation so calculated that 50% of the total number of domestic households occupied floor area above that figure and the other 50% occupied floor area below it. The floor area of public rental housing is measured in terms of internal floor area while the floor area of other types of accommodation is measured in terms of saleable floor area. For domestic households sharing a unit of quarters, the floor area of the common area shared among households is excluded. Statistics related to floor area of accommodation presented do not include domestic households living in unsheltered accommodation or on board vessels. Please see Floor Area of Accommodation in (11). (Note: Owing to the difference in definitions, statistics of floor area of public rental housing are not directly comparable to those of other types of accommodation. Besides, the information of floor area of accommodation as reported by respondents may be subject to different extent of estimation, and hence caution should be exercised in interpreting the statistics concerned.)

(21)

Median Monthly Domestic Household Income: The average monthly domestic household income so calculated that 50% of the total number of domestic households had incomes above that figure and the other 50% had incomes below it. Zero income households are included in the calculation. Please see Monthly Domestic Household Income in (29).

(22)

Median Monthly Domestic Household Mortgage Payment and Loan Repayment : The average monthly mortgage payment and loan repayment so calculated that 50% of the total number of domestic households owning the quarters they occupy with mortgage or loan paid more than that amount and the other 50% paid less than that. Households with zero mortgage payment and loan repayment by household members (i.e. with mortgage payment and loan repayment by non-household members only) are excluded in the calculation. Please see Monthly Domestic Household Mortgage Payment and Loan Repayment in (30).

(23)

Median Monthly Domestic Household Rent : The average monthly rent so calculated that 50% of the total number of domestic households renting the accommodation they occupy paid more than that amount and the other 50% paid less than that. Households with zero rent are excluded in the calculation. Please see Monthly Domestic Household Rent in (31).

(24)

Median Monthly Income from Main Employment : The average income from main employment so calculated that 50% of the working population, excluding unpaid family workers, had income above that figure and the other 50% had income below it. Please see Monthly Income from Main Employment in (32).

(25)

Median Mortgage Payment and Loan Repayment to Income Ratio : The average percentage of monthly household income paid on monthly mortgage payment and loan repayment so calculated that 50% of domestic households owning the quarters they occupy with mortgage or loan paid more than that percentage and the other 50% paid less than that. Households with zero income and/or zero mortgage payment and loan repayment by household members (i.e. with mortgage payment and loan repayment by non-household members only) are excluded in the calculation.

(26)

Median Outstanding Period of Mortgage Payment or Loan Repayment : The average outstanding period of mortgage payment or loan repayment so calculated that 50% of the total number of domestic households owning the quarters they occupy with mortgage or loan had their outstanding period of mortgage payment or loan repayment above that figure and the other 50% had their outstanding period of mortgage payment or loan repayment below it. Households with zero mortgage payment and loan repayment by household members (i.e. with mortgage payment and loan repayment by non-household members only) are excluded in the calculation. Please see Outstanding Period of Mortgage Payment or Loan Repayment in (38).

(27)

Median Rent to Income Ratio : The average percentage of monthly household income paid on monthly household rent so calculated that 50% of domestic households renting the accommodation they occupy paid more than that percentage and the other 50% paid less than that. Households with zero income and/or zero rent are excluded in the calculation.

(28)

Median Weekly Usual Hours of Work of All Employment : The average weekly usual hours of work of all employment so calculated that 50% of the working population had weekly usual hours of work (calculated based on all employment) above that figure and the other 50% of the working population had weekly usual hours of work (calculated based on all employment) below it. Please see Weekly Usual Hours of Work in (49).

(29)

Monthly Domestic Household Income: The total income (including earnings in cash from all employments and other cash incomes) of members of households. The amount recorded for 2021 refers to the income for June 2021.

(30)

Monthly Domestic Household Mortgage Payment and Loan Repayment : This is the amount paid by a domestic household owning the quarters it occupies with mortgage or loan on mortgage payment and loan repayment on its accommodation in June 2021. It includes payments for first mortgage, second mortgage, home equity loan or some other special payment schemes in order to redeem the quarters occupied but excludes payments for rates, government rent, water, electricity, gas, telephone and management fees. Mortgage payment and loan repayment paid by non-household members are also excluded.

(31)

Monthly Domestic Household Rent : This is the amount paid by a domestic household renting the accommodation it occupies on its accommodation in June 2021. It includes rates, government rent and management fee for that month but excludes payments for water and electricity. For a main tenant, rent is the net amount he paid after deducting the rent he received from his sub-tenant(s) for subletting part of the quarters. Zero rent households include households living in accommodation of friends or relatives without paying any rent with or without permission, main tenant households with total rental receipts from sub-tenant(s) greater than or equal to the rent paid to the owner, and those households whose quarters were provided free by employers.

(32)

Monthly Income from Main Employment : For employers or self-employed persons, this is the amount earned excluding expenses incurred in running their main business. For employees, this is the total amount earned from their main employment including salary or wage, bonus, commission, overtime allowance, housing allowance, tips and other cash allowances. New Year bonus and double pay are excluded. The amount recorded for 2021 refers to the income for June 2021.

(33)

Mortgage Payment and Loan Repayment to Income Ratio : The percentage of monthly household income paid on monthly mortgage payment and loan repayment of a domestic household owning the quarters it occupies with mortgage or loan. Households with zero income and/or zero mortgage payment and loan repayment by household members (i.e. with mortgage payment and loan repayment by non-household members only) are excluded in the calculation.

(34)

Non-working Population : Include unemployed population and economically inactive population. Please see Economic Activity Status in (9).

(35)

Number of Rooms (Excluding Kitchens and Bathrooms/Toilets) : A room is a space in the quarters enclosed by walls reaching from the floor to the ceiling or roof covering, or at least to a height of 2 metres, of a size large enough to hold a bed for an adult, that is at least 4 square metres. The total number of rooms includes bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, store rooms, study rooms, utility rooms, servants’ rooms and other separate spaces used or intended for domestic purposes, so long as they meet the criteria of walls and floor space. Rooms partially divided because of fixed or movable partitions or because of their use (e.g. living-and-dining rooms without fixed partitions) are counted as separate rooms. Kitchens and bathrooms/ toilet rooms are counted separately. Passageways, verandahs and lobbies, are not counted, even if they meet the criteria.

(36)

Occupation :  This refers to the kind of work a person performed during the 7 days before the Census. A new occupation classification scheme was introduced in the 2016 Population By-census and fully adopted in the 2021 Population Census, which follows “International Standard Classification Occupations 2008 (ISCO-08)” more closely. To facilitate comparison, a backcasting exercise was done to re-compile a set of figures on the distribution of working population by occupation for the 2011 Population Census. The brief descriptions and coverage of the major groups of this occupation classification are given as follows:

Managers : Including legislators; senior government officials; foreign diplomats; managing directors and chief executives; business services managers; administration managers; sales and marketing managers; manufacturing managers; construction managers; supply and distribution managers; information and communications technology service managers; professional services managers; school principals; hotel managers; retail and wholesale trade managers; etc.Professionals :  Including qualified professional scientists, doctors, dentists and other medical professionals; architects, surveyors and engineers; fashion designers, jewellery designers, vice-chancellors, directors, academic staff and administrators of university, post-secondary college; principals and teachers of secondary school; statisticians; mathematicians; system analysts and computer programmers; lawyers and judges; accountants; business consultants and analysts; social workers; social work assistants; translators and interpreters; news editors and journalists; writers; librarians and members of religious orders.

Professionals : Including accountants and auditors; engineering professionals; medical doctors; registered nurses and other healthcare professionals (e.g. registered Chinese medicine practitioners, dentists, pharmacists, midwives, veterinarians); lawyers; university and post-secondary college lecturers; school teachers and other teaching professionals; actuaries; statisticians; economists; financial and investment advisers; software and applications developers and analysts; social and religious professionals; etc.

Associate professionals : Including engineering technicians; manufacturing and construction supervisors; enrolled nurses and other healthcare associate professionals (e.g. dental assistants, dispensers, postnatal care workers); law clerks; actuarial assistants; statistical assistants; securities traders; insurance consultants and underwriters; information and communications technology technicians; real estate agents and property managers; administrative and specialised secretaries; inspectors and similarly ranked staff in disciplined services; social work assistants; photographers; chefs; etc.

Clerical support workers : Including general office clerks; accounting and bookkeeping clerks; personal secretaries; bank tellers; client information workers; storekeepers; etc.

Service and sales workers : Including salespersons; travel attendants and guides; cooks; waiters; barbers; beauticians; personal care workers; rank and file staff in disciplined services; child care workers and teachers’ aides; building security guards; transport workers; etc.

Craft and related workers : Including building and related trades workers; machinery mechanics and repairers; electrical, electronic and telecommunication equipment installers and repairers; bakers and other food processing workers; tailors; etc.

Plant and machine operators and assemblers : Including food and related products machine operators; drivers and mobile plant operators; etc.

Elementary occupations : Including domestic helpers; cleaners and labourers; food preparation assistants; messengers and deliverers; etc.

Skilled agricultural and fishery workers; and occupations not classifiable : Including vegetable farm workers; gardeners; fishery workers; and occupations unidentifiable and inadequately described.

(37)

Occupied Quarters : Quarters refer to such unit of accommodation as flats, houses and structures which could be used for the purpose of accommodation. Please see Type of Quarters in (47). Occupied quarters refer to those quarters which were occupied by those people under the Hong Kong Resident Population at the reference moment.

(38)

Outstanding Period of Mortgage Payment or Loan Repayment : This is the number of outstanding years of the mortgage or loan period on the quarters occupied by a domestic household it owns with mortgage or loan. If more than one mortgage or loan term is involved, only the one involving the longest outstanding mortgage or loan period is required.

(39)

Place of Birth : This is the country/ territory in which the person was born.

(40)

Place of Study : The place of study of a person refers to the geographical area in Hong Kong where the educational institution (including pre-primary, primary, secondary and post-secondary educational institutions) is located and where the person concerned had to go to attend full-time course.

(41)

Place of Work : The place of work of a person refers to the district where the work place of a person is located and where the person concerned usually stayed or went during the 7 days before the Census for business matters. For a person who had more than one job during the reference period, the place of work refers to that of his/her main employment. For a person who changed his/her work place day to day (e.g. construction site worker) or had many work places (e.g. doctor working in both hospital and clinic, mobile hawker), the work place is where the person worked for the longest hours in the reference period. For a person who had no fixed place of work (e.g. salesman, driver) but needed to report duty every day, the location of the office or depot is the work place. For a cross-border truck driver who drove between Hong Kong and the mainland of China and spends most of the working hours in the mainland of China, then the mainland of China is the place of work.

(42)

Population : It refers to the “Hong Kong Resident Population”. The Hong Kong Resident Population at the reference moment covers “Usual Residents” and “Mobile Residents”. “Usual Residents” refer to two categories of people: (1) Hong Kong Permanent Residents who had stayed in Hong Kong for at least 3 months during the 6 months before or for at least 3 months during the 6 months after the reference moment, regardless of whether they were in Hong Kong or not at the reference moment; and (2) Hong Kong Non-permanent Residents who were in Hong Kong at the reference moment.

For those Hong Kong Permanent Residents who were not “Usual Residents”, they were classified as “Mobile Residents” if they had stayed in Hong Kong for at least 1 month but less than 3 months during the 6 months before or for at least 1 month but less than 3 months during the 6 months after the reference moment, regardless of whether they were in Hong Kong or not at the reference moment.

(43)

Rent to Income Ratio : The percentage of monthly household income paid on monthly household rent of a domestic household renting the accommodation it occupies. All zero income households and/or zero rent households are excluded in the calculation.

(44)

Sex Ratio : The ratio of the number of males per 1 000 females.

(45)

Tenure of Accommodation :  The terms and conditions under which accommodation is held by a domestic household. The different terms are defined as follows:

Owner-occupier, with mortgage payment or loan repayment :  A household which owns the quarters it occupies with mortgage payment or loan repayment for the quarters.

Owner-occupier, without mortgage payment and loan repayment :  A household which owns the quarters it occupies without any mortgage payment and loan repayment for the quarters.

Sole tenant :  A household which rents the whole quarters it occupies from someone who lives outside the quarters without sharing it with other household(s) or subletting.

Co-tenant :  Two or more households each of which rents part of the quarters from someone who lives outside the quarters.

Main tenant :  A household which rents the whole quarters it occupies from someone who lives outside the quarters and sublets part of it to other household(s).

Sub-tenant :  A household which rents part of the quarters from someone who lives in the same quarters.

Rent free :  A household which occupies an accommodation free, with or without the owner’s permission. This excludes households occupying accommodation provided by employers.

Provided by employer :  A household which occupies an accommodation provided by the employer of one of the household members. This also includes households occupying quarters leased from employers at a nominal rent. If a household member uses housing allowance given by his/ her employer for renting accommodation, the tenure is not considered as provided by employer.

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Type of Housing :  This refers to the nature of housing for the unit of accommodation. The different types are determined based on the type of quarters of the unit of accommodation as follows:

Public Rental Housing:  Public rental housing units include public rental housing flats and interim housing flats of the Hong Kong Housing Authority (HA); and rental flats and flats under the Senior Citizen Residences Scheme of the Hong Kong Housing Society (HS).

Subsidised Home Ownership Housing:  Including all subsidised sale flats. Subsidised sale flats include flats under the Tenants Purchase Scheme (TPS) of the HA; flats under the Home Ownership Scheme (HOS), Private Sector Participation Scheme (PSPS), Middle Income Housing Scheme (MIHS), Buy or Rent Option Scheme (BRO) and Mortgage Subsidy Scheme (MSS) of the HA; flats under the Flat-For-Sale Scheme (FFSS), Sandwich Class Housing Scheme (SCHS) and Subsidised Sale Flats Projects (SSFP) of the HS; and flats under the subsidised sale flat scheme of the Urban Renewal Authority. HOS/ PSPS/ MIHS/ BRO/ MSS/ TPS/ FFSS/ SCHS flats that can be traded in the open market (i.e. flats sold prior to HOS Phase 3B or flats with premium paid) are classified as private permanent housing and are excluded from subsidised sale flats.

Private Permanent Housing:  Including all private residential flats; all villas/ bungalows/ modern village houses; all simple stone houses/ traditional village houses; and all units of staff quarters. Private residential flats include all flats and apartments in multi-storey blocks or houses built by the private sector mainly for residential purpose and all former subsidised sale flats (i.e. those flats that can be traded in the open market).

Non-domestic Housing:  Including all units of quarters in non-residential buildings and all units of collective living quarters.

Temporary Housing:  Including all units of temporary quarters.

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Type of Quarters :  Quarters are classified according to the type of buildings in which they are located. The buildings are classified by the type of construction materials; the purpose for which they are built; and the sector responsible for their construction.

Permanent Quarters:  This comprises public rental housing units; subsidised sales flats; private residential flats; other quarters in private permanent housing; and non-domestic quarters. Details are as follows:

Public rental housing units:  Including public rental housing flats and interim housing flats of the Hong Kong Housing Authority (HA); and rental flats and flats under the Senior Citizen Residences Scheme of the Hong Kong Housing Society (HS).

Subsidised sale flats:  Including flats under the Tenants Purchase Scheme (TPS) of the HA; flats under the Home Ownership Scheme (HOS), Private Sector Participation Scheme (PSPS), Middle Income Housing Scheme (MIHS), Buy or Rent Option Scheme (BRO) and Mortgage Subsidy Scheme (MSS) of the HA; flats under the Flat-For-Sale Scheme (FFSS), Sandwich Class Housing Scheme (SCHS) and Subsidised Sale Flats Projects (SSFP) of the HS; and flats under the subsidised sale flat scheme of the Urban Renewal Authority. HOS/ PSPS/ MIHS/ BRO/ MSS/ TPS/ FFSS/ SCHS flats that can be traded in the open market (i.e. flats sold prior to HOS Phase 3B or flats with premium paid) are classified as private permanent housing and are excluded from subsidised sale flats.

Private residential flats:  Including all flats and apartments in multi-storey blocks or houses built by the private sector mainly for residential purpose and all former subsidised sale flats (i.e. those flats that can be traded in the open market).

Other quarters in private permanent housing:  Including the following three categories:

Villas/Bungalows/Modern village houses:  These are individual houses of one-storey or multi-storeys built with full facilities including bathroom, flush toilet and internal piped water supply.

Simple stone structures/Traditional village houses:  Simple stone structures are houses built of stones and/ or other permanent materials usually of one storey high. Traditional village houses are also grouped under this category.

Staff quarters:  These are units of quarters in purposely-built staff quarters buildings. Units of quarters not purposely built but provided by employer for accommodation purposes are excluded and they are classified in accordance with their respective types of buildings.

Non-domestic quarters:  Including the following two categories:

Quarters in non-residential buildings:  These include all units of accommodation known to be used for residential purpose in non-residential buildings (such as commercial buildings and industrial buildings).

Collective living quarters:  These include all units of accommodation (such as rooms and beds) in psychiatric hospitals, convalescent hospitals, infirmaries, penal institutions, elderly homes, boys’ and girls’ homes, religious houses, hotels, hostels and dormitories (such as those for university students).

Temporary Quarters:  These include quarters in temporary housing areas as well as private temporary structures such as roof-top structures, contractor’s matsheds, nissen huts, huts and places not intended for residential purpose (such as landings, staircases, corridors, etc.). Vessels are also grouped under this category.

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Usual Spoken Language : The usual spoken language is the language/dialect a person used in daily communication at home. This is not applicable to persons aged under 5 or mute persons.

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Weekly Usual Hours of Work : Weekly usual hours of work is the number of hours that an employed person usually worked during a normal or typical week. Overtime hours regularly worked (whether paid or unpaid) are included but meal breaks, days and hours not usually worked and unusual periods of overtime are excluded. Stand-by time at home is not counted. For home-office workers, the time working at home is counted.

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Whether Studying : The status of a person in acquiring education in the first half of 2021. It can be divided into two main groups as follows:

Studying :

 

Studying full-time (full-time student) : Persons studying full-time (that is excluding evening / part-time day release courses) at a kindergarten, a primary or secondary school, a post-secondary college, the Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education or at a university. Full-time students include student workers.

 

Studying part-time (part-time student) : This refers to the part-time day release courses or the evening courses offered by evening schools and post-secondary institutions (such as the Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education) and the extra-mural departments of the universities which fulfil the criteria of formal courses.

 

Studying distance learning course : Persons taking correspondence courses or distance learning courses leading to a degree are also regarded as studying distance learning courses. All other correspondence courses are excluded from this category.

 

Completed / withdrew from the course : A person is regarded as having completed a course of education if he/she has passed the related examination. Those who stop studying before completion of the course are considered as withdrawal from study.

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Working Population : Please see Economic Activity Status in (9).